Intensive livestock farming in Lombardy: Anatomy of an excess

Year 2026

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The report includes: an analysis of the main livestock farming systems in Lombardy, 15 thematic maps, infographics and original analyses of data from ISPRA, ISTAT and regional databases; environmental indicators; transition scenarios and recommendations for public decision-makers.

Client: Fondazione Cariplo

Partner: Essere Animali, Legambiente Lombardia, Terra!

Abstract

Intensive Livestock Farming in Lombardy. Anatomy of Excess offers an up-to-date and multidimensional snapshot of Lombardy’s livestock sector, focusing in particular on cattle and pig farms. By analyzing official data, scientific literature, and interviews with farmers and experts, the study examines the sector’s scale and evolution, linking its production characteristics, environmental and climate impacts, and socioeconomic sustainability.

What emerges is a highly concentrated and increasingly intensive system, in which the pressure exerted by these farms appears, in many cases, disproportionate to the region’s resources and ecological capacity. The report delves into some of the key issues underlying this imbalance: from climate-changing emissions to nitrogen loading, from animal welfare to dependence on imported feed, and the economic vulnerabilities affecting the sector.

In addition to providing a diagnosis, the analysis prompts reflection on possible transition pathways, examining the conditions necessary to develop a livestock farming model that is more compatible with the local area, environmental and climate goals, and the economic and social sustainability of farms.

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